Speeding and Street Racing

Teens do not consider driving 5 to 10 miles above the speed limit to be dangerous

The problem of speeding:

• About 27 percent of young driver and passenger deaths occur in speed-related crashes¹.
• Males and female drivers ages 15-20 had the highest representation in speed related fatal crashes (32% and 22%) compared to any other age group in 2016¹.  
• In a high-speed crash, a passenger vehicle cannot withstand the force of the crash and maintain the passenger compartment. Also, as crash speeds get very high, restraint systems such as airbags and seat belts cannot keep the forces on occupants below severe injury levels².
• Speed influences the risk of crashes and crash injuries in three basic ways²:
  • It increases the distance a vehicle travels from the time a driver detects an emergency to the time the driver reacts, so by the time you realize you need to react, you’ve traveled closer to the danger.
  • It increases the braking distance. For example, If you double your speed – say from 30 mph to 60 mph – your braking distance does not become twice as long. It becomes four times as far. Traveling at 55 mph, it will take about 6 seconds to stop your vehicle. The vehicle will travel approximately 302 feet before coming to a stop. That is longer than the length of a football field³.
  • It increases the crash energy by the square of the speeds. For example, when impact speed increases from 40 to 60 mph (a 50 percent increase), the energy that needs to be managed increases by 125 percent.
• The total stopping distance of your vehicle depends on four things³:
  • Your perception time
  • Your reaction time
  • Your vehicle reaction time
  • Your vehicle braking capability
• Teens are more likely than older drivers to speed and allow shorter headways (the distance from the front of one vehicle to the front of the next)⁴.
• Speeding has been found to be more prevalent among teenagers who reported more risky friends, particularly among those who reported lower perceived risk for risky driving⁵
• Those with exclusive access to a vehicle were more likely to speed than those who shared a vehicle and more likely to speed at night and with passengers⁶.

What to do about speeding:

• Know with every mile per hour increase you also increase your reaction travel time, braking distance and crash energy².
• High speed wrecks compromise your car’s safety features².
• When you speed, you also decrease the judgment of other drivers to be able to gauge your distance and speed.
• Understand speed limits are set with safety in mind. They are based on roadside environment, roadway design and pedestrian traffic².
• Speeding to keep up with the flow of traffic is not legal and you can still be ticketed.
• Speeding decreases your fuel efficiency.
• You should always be able to stop within the distance you can see ahead.
• Consider road conditions, weather and road design and slow down accordingly.
• It is easier to lose traction when speeding around a curve and the high center of gravity makes it easier to roll over. Slow down before curves.
• Remember to use the two-second rule to keep a safe distance between you and the car ahead of you.

_Sources:

1. NHTSA Traffic Safety Facts – Speeding 2016 Data. (2018) https://crashstats.nhtsa.dot.gov/Api/Public/ViewPublication/812480 
2. _{Insurance Institute for Highway Safety}
3. _{Southern Illinois University}
4. _{Simons-Morton, B. G., Ouimet, M. C., Chen, R., Klauer, S. G., Lee, S. E., Wang, J., & Dingus, T. A. (2012). Peer Influence Predicts Speeding Prevalence Among Teenage Drivers. Journal of Safety Research, 43(5-6), 397–403. http://doi.org/10.1016/j.jsr.2012.10.002}
5. _{Simons-Morton, 2015. Naturalistic teenage driving study: Findings and lessons learned.  Journal of Safety Research, 54, pp. 41-48.}
6. _{G. Klauer, B.G. Simons-Morton, S.E. Lee, M.C. Ouimet, E.H. Howard & T.A. Dingus (2011). Novice drivers’ exposure to known risk factors during the first 18 months of licensure: The effect of vehicle ownership. Traffic Injury Prevention, 12 (2), pp.159-168.}